Dictionaries hold a crucial place in the world of legal literature. Judges, lawyers, law students, 而非专业人士每天都在与法律语言作斗争，几个世纪以来一直如此. The first dictionary in English was a law dictionary. 詹姆斯一世下令压制并烧毁第二部英国法律词典. 另一个早期的例子是由一位作家编写的，他致力于让“普通人”——而不仅仅是精英——都能接触到法律.
第一部美国通用语言和法律词典出现在19世纪，由诺亚·韦伯斯特(Noah Webster)编写 American Dictionary of the English Language (New York, 1828) and John Bouvier’s 根据美国宪法和法律改编的法律词典 (Philadelphia, 1839). By the early to mid-20th century, Black’s Law Dictionary became the standard. Today, it is the go-to dictionary for American law students, practitioners, and judges, whether in print or online. This exhibit explores that book’s rich ancestry, reaching back centuries beyond its first printing in 1891. It is an important history too, 现代法院经常在他们的意见中引用新旧词典.
这次展览由劳雷尔·戴维斯策划，并由丹尼尔·R·戴维斯的慷慨赞助. Coquillette, J. Donald Monan, SJ, University Professor, and Bryan A. Garner, editor in chief of Black’s Law Dictionary. It will remain on view into January 2020; the Rare Book Room is open to visitors on weekdays from 9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m. The exhibit catalog is available to download.
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John Rastell, Les Termes de la Ley. . . . London, 1659.
拉斯特尔的法律词典是所有类型的第一本英语词典, with its alphabetical arrangement of terms and their definitions. First published in Anglo-Norman French around 1523 as Exposiciones Terminorum Legum Anglorum (the title page was in Latin), it became known as Les Termes de la Ley (“Terms of the Law”). In this 1659 edition, 你可以看到早期主人的签名和作品的双柱布局, 左边的条目是英语，右边是盎格鲁-诺曼法语.
Gift of Frank Williams Oliver
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John Cowell, The Interpreter: Or Booke Containing the Signification of Words. . . . London, 1607.
考威尔(1554-1611)在拉斯特尔的著作基础上增加条目并讨论历史资料. 考威尔的词典对普通法英雄托马斯·利特尔顿(Thomas Littleton)的批评，以及暗示君主绝对权力的定义，很快引发了争议. 爱德华·科克带头反对，将考威尔定位为普通法的敌人. In 1610, 詹姆斯一世发布了一份皇家公告，禁止出版这本书，并下令烧毁所有的副本. 尽管有这样的命令，第一版的许多副本幸存下来，包括这一本. The exhibit also includes patriot lawyer James Otis Jr.’s personal copy of Cowell’s dictionary.
Gift of Daniel R. Coquillette
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Giles Jacob, A New Law-Dictionary. . . . London, 1729.
雅各布(1686-1744)是一位多产的英国法律作家，他的其他主要作品包括 The Student’s Companion, a guide to studying the law, and Every Man His Own Lawyer，这是一本法律自助手册，旨在为普通人提供实用的法律知识. In that vein, 与考威尔的定义相比，他的定义更倾向于洛克式的“被统治者的同意”. For example, Jacob’s definition of king 包括提醒国王宣誓“治理这个王国的人民”, according to the Statutes in Parliament agreed on, and the Laws and Customs of the same.” The exhibit includes this first London edition.
Gift of Kathryn “Kitty” Preyer
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Richard Burn and John Burn, A New Law Dictionary. . . . London, 1792.
理查德·伯恩(1709-1785)，英国治安法官，法律学者 Justice of the Peace and Parish Officer (London, 1775), which went through twenty editions. He died before finishing his dictionary, which his son John completed. In his preface, John Burn proudly writes that his father created this work himself, not merely copying and updating earlier dictionaries. 他写道，他的父亲准备了这部作品，“供那些希望对与自己生活有关的事情有理性认识的人使用和提供信息。, properties, and other essential interests.2019年6月，阿利托大法官引用了这本词典来解释“犯罪”一词的定义.”
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John Bouvier and Francis Rawle (ed.), Bouvier’s Law Dictionary and Concise Encylopedia. Kansas City and St. Paul, 1914.
尽管美国版的贾尔斯·雅各布法律词典于1811年出版, and Noah Webster’s general dictionary became available in 1828, we were without an American law dictionary until 1839 when Bouvier, a French immigrant and Philadelphia lawyer and judge, published this work. In the preface to the first edition, 布维耶解释说，像考威尔和雅各布这样的英国法律词典“是为另一个拥有与我们自己不同法律的国家编写的. . . . And there is a great portion which, though useful to an English lawyer, is almost useless to the American student.”
On generous loan from Daniel R. Coquillette
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Henry Campbell Black, A Law Dictionary. . . . St. Paul, 1910.
Black (1860-1927), a Pennsylvania lawyer and legal scholar, 写这本书的目的是创建第一个全面的法律词典. When the first edition was printed in 1891, 它是布维耶法律词典的直接竞争对手，并最终使其黯然失色, becoming the standard. 布莱克自己编辑了前两版，但在第三版出版前去世了. 这本第二版属于查尔斯·汉密尔顿·休斯顿(1895-1950), the great NAACP attorney and dean of Howard Law School. 封面上贴着他99年前秋天在哈佛法学院一年级时的签名和演讲.
On loan from the library of Karolyne and Bryan A. Garner, Dallas, Texas.
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Henry Campbell Black, Black's Law Dictionary. . . . St. Paul, 1933.
This is West Publishing’s in-house corrected copy of Black’s 3rd edition for use in preparing the 4th edition. Here, you can see some revisions in the P section. 因为编辑们在便利贴和其他黏贴出现之前就开始工作了, 他们用小钉子在纸片上标明有修改的书页.
On loan from the library of Karolyne and Bryan A. Garner, Dallas, Texas.
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Bryan A. Garner, Black’s Law Dictionary. St. Paul, MN, 2014.
Lexicographer and grammarian Bryan A. Garner has been at the helm of Black’s Law Dictionary as editor in chief for the past 25 years. 加纳严格适用现代词典编纂原则，并系统地梳理世界法律文献的新术语和以前被忽视的历史来源. This is one of about fifteen copies of Black’s Law Dictionary (第10版)，加纳教授将其标记为将被纳入大规模修订的第11版的修订版. 这些选项卡表示必要的更改，从实质性的定义编辑到电子游戏正规平台的交叉引用.
On loan from the library of Karolyne and Bryan A. Garner, Dallas, Texas.
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Noah Webster, An American Dictionary of the English Language. New York, 1828.
In addition to law dictionaries, 律师和法官查阅和引用通用英语词典. This is the first edition of the iconic American dictionary, which the Supreme Court has cited hundreds of times. 韦伯斯特(1758-1843)是康涅狄格州的一名教师和律师，他开始写“最大的”, 最完整的英语词典”和“取代了塞缪尔·约翰逊的词典，但也为‘联邦语言’提供了基础”(乔治, Dictionary of Literary Biography). His 70,000-entry work became a classic. 1843年韦伯斯特去世后，他的继承人把版权卖给了乔治和查尔斯·梅里亚姆夫妇.
Gift of Frank Williams Oliver
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B. Philippe Vicat, et al. Vocabularium Juris Utriusque. . . . Naples, 1760.
罗马法词典定义了起源于古罗马的法律主体中使用的术语，这些法律主体最终被查士丁尼皇帝在6世纪组织和汇编成《电子游戏正规平台》(“民法主体”). 罗马法为许多现代国家的法律制度提供了基础, including most countries in continental Europe. The Vocabularium Juris Utriusque 是一本中世纪的法律词典，几个世纪以来经历了许多版本吗. 书名大致翻译为“两法词典”，指的是教规和民法.e., Roman) law. 扉页暗示了这种双重性质，参考教会法在左边(e.g, the Decretals or papal decisions) and Roman law on the right (e.g., the codes of Justinian and Theodosius II).
Gift of Michael H. Hoeflich
Daniel R. Coquillette Rare Book Room
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